Identification of unique or elevated levels of kernel proteins in aflatoxin-resistant maize genotypes through proteome analysis     

Chen ZY  Brown RL  Damann KE  Cleveland TE 《Phytopathology》2002,92(10):1084-1094

ABSTRACT Aflatoxins are carcinogens produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus during infection of susceptible crops such as maize (Zea mays L.). Resistant maize genotypes have been identified, but the incorporation of resistance into commercial lines has been slow due to the lack of selectable markers. Here we report the identification of potential markers in resistant maize lines using a proteomics approach. Kernel embryo proteins from each of two resistant genotypes have been compared with those from a composite of five susceptible genotypes using large format two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Through these comparisons, both quantitative and qualitative differences have been identified. Protein spots have been sequenced, and based on peptide sequence homology analysis, are categorized as follows: storage proteins (globulin 1 and globulin 2), late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins related to drought or desiccation (LEA3 and LEA14), water- or osmo-stress related proteins (WSI18 and aldose reductase), and heat-stress related proteins (HSP16.9). Aldose reductase activity measured in resistant and susceptible genotypes before and after infection suggests the importance of constitutive levels of this enzyme to resistance. Results of this study point to a correlation between host resistance and stress tolerance. The putative function of each identified protein is discussed.  相似文献   

Identification of major allergens of Malassezia pachydermatis in dogs with atopic dermatitis and Malassezia overgrowth     

Chen TA  Halliwell RE  Pemberton AD  Hill PB 《Veterinary dermatology》2002,13(3):141-150

Abstract We have previously shown that both atopic and normal dogs generate an IgG response to antigens of Malassezia pachydermatis . The aim of this study was to compare IgE responses to separated proteins of M. pachydermatis in 28 atopic dogs with Malassezia dermatitis and 22 clinically normal dogs using Western immunoblotting. Six different detection systems were evaluated in order to assess sensitivity and eliminate nonspecific binding and cross-reactivity. The protocol yielding the best results utilized a monoclonal mouse antidog IgE, an alkaline phosphatase conjugated goat antimouse IgG which had been passed through a canine IgG column 3 times, a chemiluminescent substrate and a digital imaging system. Proteins of 45, 52, 56 and 63 kDa were recognized by more than 50% of the atopic dog sera and thus represented major allergens. Only a minority of normal dogs showed faint IgE binding to these proteins. The results indicate that the majority of atopic dogs with Malassezia dermatitis have a greater IgE response than normal dogs, suggesting an IgE-mediated immune response may be clinically important in the pathogenesis of the disease.  相似文献   

Population changes in Phytophthora infestans in Taiwan associated with the appearance of resistance to metalaxyl     

Deahl KL  Cooke LR  Black LL  Wang TC  Perez FM  Moravec BC  Quinn M  Jones RW 《Pest management science》2002,58(9):951-958

In recent years, late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary, has increased in severity in many parts of the world, and this has been associated with migrations which have introduced new, arguably more aggressive, populations of the pathogen. In Taiwan, late blight has been endemic on outdoor tomato crops grown in the highlands since the early 1900s, but recent epidemics have been more damaging. To ascertain the present status of the Taiwanese population of P infestans, 139 isolates of the pathogen collected and maintained by the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC) were characterized using mating type, metalaxyl sensitivity, allozyme genotype, mitochondrial haplotype and RFLP fingerprinting. Up to 1997, all isolates were found to belong to the old clonal lineage of P infestans (US-1 and variants), but in isolates from 1998 a new genotype appeared, and by 2000 this had apparently completely displaced the old population. This new genotype was an A1 mating type and has the dilocus allozyme genotype 100/100/111, 100/100 for the loci coding for glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and peptidase, respectively. These characters, together with RG57 fingerprinting, indicated that these isolates belonged to the US-11 clonal lineage, a minority (11%) being a previously unreported variant of US-11. Whereas metalaxyl-resistant isolates were not detected in the old population, 96% of the new genotypes proved resistant, with the remainder being intermediate in sensitivity. It may be inferred from this sudden, marked change in the characteristics of the Taiwanese P infestans that a new population of the pathogen was introduced around 1997-98 and that this may well have already been metalaxyl-resistant when it arrived, although a role for in situ selection cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

Novel localised variant of canine epidermolysis bullosa acquisita     

Olivry T  Petersen A  Dunston SM  Chen M 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(7):193-194

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胚胎期高温处理对家蚕生长发育及部分经济性状的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈萍  朱勇  鲁成  向仲怀 《蚕业科学》2000,26(2):75-80

用 3 4℃、RH80 %的环境处理 2 0余个家蚕品种的己 + 2 期胚胎 ,结果表明 :高温处理对某些品种的幼虫经过、幼虫体重、全茧量、茧层量等有明显影响 ,对健康性、茧层率无明显影响 ,对丝质无实质影响 ;高温处理对家蚕生长发育和经济性状的影响纯种间存在差异 ,杂交种受影响比纯种小。因此认为 ,高温处理对家蚕生长发育、经济性状的影响不会成为伴性温敏基因和雄蚕品种利用的限制因素 ,部分不良影响可以通过常规育种手段加以解决  相似文献   

Morphology of the dorsal lingual papillae in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)     

Emura S  Tamada A  Hayakawa D  Chen H  Shoumura S 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2000,29(6):371-374

The dorsal lingual surface of a black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The tongue was about 30 cm in length. There were about 60 vallate papillae on both sides. Filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae were found. The filiform papillae were distributed over the entire dorsal surface of the tongue. The papillae had a hair-like shape. The fungiform papillae were round in shape, and more densely distributed on the lingual apex. No foliate papillae were seen on the dorsal surface. The vallate papillae were located on both sides of the posterior end of the lingual body. Each papilla was surrounded by a groove.  相似文献   

喷雾干燥鱼浆蛋白粉营养成分分析     

陈宜芳  何瑞国  任泽林  程一兵 《中国饲料》2007,(6):32-33

本试验对鱼粉加工废水鱼浆蛋白粉(经浓缩、水解、喷雾干燥得到的副产品)进行营养成分分析,其中粗蛋白质含量达64.08%,钙2.67%、磷1.12%,钙磷比例合理;各氨基酸含量分别为:赖氨酸3.29%,蛋氨酸0.94%,谷氨酸5.17%,牛磺酸2.50%。  相似文献   

警用幼犬社会化训养中常见病的防治   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛爱国  陈方良  徐陶 《中国工作犬业》2007,(6):21-21

随着警用幼犬社会化训养的实施,幼犬由传统的封闭单纯环境圈养改为开放式复杂环境训养,面对异常复杂的环境,犬病防治工作必须积极主动以变应变。  相似文献   

镁的抗氧化功能及其作用机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宗付  陈代文  余冰 《饲料工业》2006,27(6):42-46

镁是动物的必需营养元素之一,日粮中添加镁具有抗应激、抗氧化、改善肉品质、提高生产性能的重要作用。文中综述了镁对动物体抗氧化机能的影响,并探讨了其可能的作用机制。  相似文献   

复合酶制剂对肉鸭屠宰性能和部分血清生化指标的影响     

王琛  贺建华  苗朝华 《饲料工业》2006,27(12):33-35

用960羽1日龄双鬼头肉鸭研究了一种固体发酵复合酶(AllzymeSSF)在玉米-豆粕及玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮中的应用效果,考察了添加该复合酶对肉鸭屠宰性能、血清生化指标的影响。试验结果表明,不同处理对49日龄肉鸭的半净膛率、全净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮的屠宰率略高于玉米-豆粕型日粮;玉米-豆粕及玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮中添加200PU/kgAllzymeSSF降低了腹脂率(P<0.05);玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加300PU/kgAllzymeSSF及玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮中添加200PU/kgAllzymeSSF提高了血清磷的含量(P<0.05);玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮中添加200PU/kgAllzymeSSF提高了血清球蛋白的含量(P<0.05)。  相似文献